KONTRIBUSI PEROLEHAN THEORY OF MIND TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MENTAL TIME TRAVEL PADA ANAK USIA 3-5 TAHUN
Keywords:
Mental time travel, Anak pra-sekolah, Perkembangan kognitif, Theory of mindAbstract
Berfikir mengenai masa depan merupakan kemampuan kognitif yang mendasar pada manusia dan merupakan kemampuan yang sangat penting. Mental Time Travel (MTT) merupakan kemampuan yang dimiliki manusia untuk me-recall masa lalu dan memprediksi masa depan. Melalui MTT manusia dapat untuk membuat perencanaan, memprediksi masa depan serta mengantisipasi masalah yang akan dihadapi. Salah satu faktor yang diduga memberikan pengaruh terhadap MTT adalah perolehan Theory of Mind (ToM) yaitu kemampuan manusia untuk memprediksi mental state orang lain. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian lebih jauh untuk melihat bagaimana kontribusi perolehan ToM terhadap perkembangan MTT. Untuk melihat kontribusi perolehan ToM terhadap MTT dilakukan pengukuran MTT melalui 2 eksperimen (Verbal task dan Tool Task) serta pengukuran skala ToM yang dikembangkan oleh Wellman dan Liu (2011) pada anak usia 3-5 tahun. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh usia mulai berkembangnya MTT, urutan perolehan ToM serta kontribusi perolehan ToM terhadap MTT. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa Perolehan ToM memiliki kontribusi positif sebesar 28% terhadap perkembangan MTT.
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