TIPOLOGI FASAD BANGUNAN PADA PENGGAL JALAN PERMUKIMAN PERKOTAAN Studi Kasus: Kampung Arab Pekojan, Jakarta Barat
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Kawasan Pekojan di Jakarta menjadi titik awal perkembangan Kampung Arab yang lahir hampir bersamaan dengan lahirnya Kota Jakarta. Sejarah Islam di Indonesia telah menyisakan peninggalan/karya budaya yang berharga, salah satunya yaitu permukiman. Kampung Arab Pekojan kini termasuk ke dalam kawasan yang mengalami gejala penurunan kualitas kawasan yang mengakibatkan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan bersejarah. Sebagai perkampungan yang dikenal akan komunitas etnis Arab, Kampung Arab Pekojan juga diperkirakan akan memiliki potensi dalam pembentukan kawasan yang berkarakter. Potensi tersebut terbentuk dari karakter fisik sebagai komponen utama (tipologi fasad) dan ditunjang oleh keberadaan karakter non fisik (komunitas etnis) sebagai komponen penunjang, dengan memperhatikan sejarah perkembangan kawasan. Oleh karenanya perlu untuk mengidentifikasi tipologi fasad bangunan Kampung Arab Pekojan, Jakarta Barat. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode pengumpulan bahan dokumen/data dan metode pengamatan/observasi.
Bangunan di Kampung Arab Pekojan menyesuaikan diri dengan keadaan alam di Indonesia yang beriklim tropis. Karakter tipologi bangunan yang terdapat di Kampung Arab Pekojan saat ini merupakan bangunan dengan karakter style tertentu yaitu style arsitektur Indis (hindische). Terdapat beberapa elemen fasad yang saat ini masih mendominasi (identik) diantaranya yaitu bentuk atap. Kampung Arab Pekojan saat ini terbilang belum dapat menjadi kawasan permukiman yang berkarakter. Hal tersebut dikarenakan jumlah eksistensi/keberadaan komunitas masyarakat etnis Arab yang hanya berjumlah sedikit dan banyaknya temuan terkait keberadaan bangunan baru dengan menerapkan elemen fasad yang lebih modern, sehingga terlihat kontras dan berbeda dari fasad bangunan asli nya sebagai komponen utama pembentuk kawasan permukiman berkarakter yang belum terpenuhi.
Kata Kunci : Tipologi, Karakter, Fasad, Kampung Arab, Permukiman
ABSTRACT
Kampung Arab which was born almost coincided with the birth of the city of Jakarta. The history of Islam in Indonesia has leaving heritage or valuable cultural works and one of them is settlement. Kampung Arab in Pekojan are now include in the area which experiencing symptoms of decline in the environmental quality which result quality degradation of historical region's. As a settlement which known for the ethnic Arab community, Kampung Arab Pekojan expected to have potential in the the establishment of characterization region. The potential of physical character as the main component (typology façade) and supported by the existence of a non physical character as a supporting component (ethnic communities). Therefore it necessary to identify the typology facade of building in Kampung Arab Pekojan. This research included in the types of qualitative-descriptive. The methods used by the collecting the material document/data and observation.
The buildings in Kampung Arab Pekojan district adapting with natural tropical conditions in Indonesia. Characteristic of building typology which found in Kampung Arab in Pekojan district these days is building with a specific character with certain style of Indis Architecture (hindische).
There are several elements of the facade which is still dominating (identical) among which the shape of the roof. Kampung Arab in Pekojan district currently can't be spelled out be a characteristic residential area. The reason is because the amount of the existence or presence of communities of Arab ethnics are few and the many findings related to the presence of new buildings by implementing elements of the modern facade, so that visible contrast and different from its original building facades as a main component forming the character of the settlement area that has not been fulfilled.
Keywords : Typology, Character, Facade, Arab Village, Settlement
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References
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