PENGARUH BENTUK ATAP TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK THERMAL PADA RUMAH TINGGAL TIGA LANTAI
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Beberapa faktor yang menjadi penentu tingkat kenyamanan dalam ruang pada desain rumah tinggal adalah desain envelope (selubung bangunan), karena mempengaruhi beban panas yang diterima mencapai 80%. Atap menjadi elemen pertama yang melindungi rumah tinggal dari berbagai cuaca dan menerima energi panas langsung dari matahari. Oleh karena itu, pengaruh bentuk atap terhadap kenyamanan dalam ruang menjadi hal yang menarik untuk diteliti, untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruhnya terhadap suhu udara ruang didalamnya.Objek penelitian adalah ruang yang berada dalam satu bangunan rumah tinggal yang menggunakan dua jenis atap, yaitu atap miring dan atap datar yang berada di kawasan Ancol, Jakarta. Penelitian difokuskan pada dua ruang yang berada langsung dibawah penutup atap. Penelitian hanya fokus pada faktor-faktor kenyamanan termal, seperti suhu udara, kelembaban udara relatif, aliran udara, dan suhu permukaan, serta suhu udara rongga atap. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung, pengukuran lapangan dengan rekayasa, dan mengumpulkan teori dan standar kenyamanan termal yang berkaitan dengan variable penelitian setelah itu akan diolah dengan tabulasi dan grafik, dan dianalisa untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitiannya adalah suhu permukaan atap, suhu udara rongga atap dan suhu udara dalam ruang pada ruang yang menggunakan atap datar lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ruang yang beratap miring.
Kata Kunci : atap, rumah tinggal, kenyamanan termal
ABSTRACT
Some of the factors that determines the level of comfort in the room on residential design is the design envelope (building envelope), because it affects the heat load received 80%. Roof becomes the first element that protects homes from various weather and receives heat energy directly from the sun. Therefore, the influence of the shape of the roof of comfort in the room becomes interesting to study, to know how big influence on the air temperature inside the room. The object of research are spaces that are in a residential building that uses two types of roofs, the sloping roof and flat roof located in Ancol, Jakarta. The study focused on two spaces located directly under the roof covering. The study only focused on thermal comfort factors, such as air temperature, relative humidity, air flow, and the surface temperature and air temperature roof cavity. The goal is to determine and compare the thermal conditions of each of the space. Research using quantitative methods by direct observation, field measurements engineering, and collecting theories and standards relating to thermal comfort research variable after it is treated with tabulations and charts, and analyzed to obtain conclusions. Results of the study was the roof surface temperature, air temperature and air temperature roof cavity in space on the space using flat roof is higher than the slant-roofed space.
Keywords : roof, houses, thermal comfort
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References
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