TIPOLOGI ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2020.v10i1.006Keywords:
Arsitektur Kolonial, bangunan kolonial, konservasi bangunan kolonialAbstract
Salah satu periode yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap perkembangan pembangunan di Indonesia adalah periode kolonial. Terdapat berbagai macam bentuk peninggalan bersejarah berasal dari periode tersebut, salah satunya ialah langgam atau gaya arsitektur kolonial. Bangunan yang memiliki karakter arsitektur kolonial dapat dikategorikan sebagai bangunan yang penting untuk dilestarikan karena memiliki nilai sejarah yang tinggi. Kajian yang dilakukan membahas tipologi dan pelestarian arsitektur kolonial yang berada di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan pada kajian ini adalah studi pustaka atau literatur dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan arsitektur kolonial di Indonesia dan dapat bermanfaat sebagai dasar kategorisasi bangunan kolonial. Dari kajian ini dapat disimpulkan arsitektur kolonial merupakan salah satu gaya arsitektur yang ada di Indonesia sejak masa penjajahan Belanda dimana gaya, karakter, dan ciri arsitektur kolonial dipengaruhi oleh perpaduan antara budaya Belanda dan budaya Indonesia serta memiliki dua metode konservasi yaitu teknik konservasi bersifat fisik (preservasi, restorasi, dan rekonstruksi) dan non fisik.
One period that has big influence on the development in Indonesia is the colonial period. There are various forms of historical relics from this period, one of which is the style of colonial architecture. Buildings that have colonial architectural character can be categorized as important buildings to be preserved because they have high historical value. The study was conducted to discuss typology and preservation of colonial architecture in Indonesia. Literature study is used in this study with the aim of explaining colonial architecture in Indonesia and can be useful as a basis for the categorization of colonial buildings. From this study it can be concluded that colonial architecture is one of the architectural styles that existed in Indonesia since the Dutch Colonial period where the style, character, and features of colonial architecture were influenced by a combination of Dutch and Indonesian culture, it also had two conservation methods, namely physical conservation techniques (preservation , restoration and reconstruction) and non-physical.
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