Sistem Kontrol Pompa Air Adaptif Berbasis Logika Fuzzy dan IoT untuk Mitigasi Banjir
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jte.2026.v17i1.007Abstract
Abstrak – Stasiun pompa air konvensional di DKI Jakarta, seperti Stasiun Pompa Cideng, seringkali tidak efisien karena mengandalkan sistem kontrol On/Off yang reaktif berbasis satu sensor dan tidak memiliki manajemen beban pompa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sebuah prototipe sistem kontrol otomatis yang adaptif, antisipatif, dan andal untuk enam unit pompa air. Metode yang digunakan adalah Perancangan Sistem yang mengintegrasikan tiga teknologi utama. Arsitektur sistem ini menggunakan strategi dual-microcontroller, di mana Arduino Mega 2560 berfungsi sebagai unit kontrol utama (menjalankan Logika Fuzzy dan rotasi) dan ESP32 berfungsi sebagai gateway IoT. Logika fuzzy dengan 27 aturan digunakan untuk memetakan tiga variabel masukan (curah hujan, debit sungai, tinggi muka air) menjadi enam keluaran biner (On/Off) secara individual, satu untuk setiap pompa. Status siaga (normal, waspada, siaga, dan bahaya) kemudian ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah pompa yang aktif sebagai indikator. Untuk keandalan jangka panjang, diimplementasikan mekanisme rotasi pompa 7 hari berbasis RTC DS3231 yang dirancang untuk pemerataan beban kerja. Hasil pengujian prototipe pada empat skenario pengujian (normal, waspada, siaga, dan bahaya) menunjukkan sistem berhasil merespons secara proporsional dengan mengaktifkan kombinasi pompa yang tepat (0, 2, 3, dan 6 pompa) sesuai aturan. Analisis rotasi 7 hari membuktikan pemerataan beban kerja pompa dengan selisih maksimum hanya 1 siklus aktif per minggu. Integrasi IoT melalui platform Blynk berhasil menampilkan data sensor dan status pompa secara real-time dengan latensi rata-rata 1,8 detik. Disimpulkan bahwa sistem yang diusulkan terbukti unggul signifikan dibandingkan metode konvensional karena bersifat adaptif, antisipatif, proporsional, dan lebih andal.
Kata kunci: Perancangan Sistem; Logika Fuzzy; Kontrol Pompa; Mitigasi Banjir; Internet of Things; Rotasi Pompa.
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