STUDY OF SOUND BEHAVIOR FROM AUDIAL EXPERIENCE IN TAMAN SARI YOGYAKARTA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2021.v10i3.001Keywords:
Acoustic Environment, Sound Behavior, Soundmark, Simulation, TamansariAbstract
Taman Sari merupakan tempat peristirahatan Raja sekaligus tempat pertahanan yang dibangun pada masa Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I bertakhta. Kompleks yang terdiri dari beberapa bangunan heritage ini telah menjadi salah satu situs penting di Yogyakarta dalam hal menunjang pariwisata. Atmosfer dan suasana heritage yang ada di area Taman Sari menjadi daya tarik tersendiri yang dapat mendatangkan minat dari para wisatawan. Taman Sari memiliki identitas suara (soundmark) yang berimplikasi pada pengalaman pendengaran wisatawan, sekaligus mendukung suasana heritage yang ada. Saat ini, identitas suara yang ada di Taman Sari dinilai sudah lemah sehingga mengurangi suasana yang dirasakan oleh pengunjung. Penelitian ini membahas tentang identifikasi perilaku bunyi pada situs Taman Sari yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui letak sumber bunyi yang dapat mempengaruhi suasana pariwisata dalam aspek audial. Metode yang digunakan adalah simulasi gerakan suara dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Ecotect. Dimensi dan material pelingkup ruang disesuaikan dengan kondisi di lokasi dengan pemetaan jenis material dan lokasi dari identitas suara yang ada. Hasil simulasi perangkat lunak akan dianalisis dalam kaitannya dengan teori persebaran suara. Berdasarkan analisis, diketahui bahwa elemen lunak dan elemen keras mempengaruhi karakter perilaku suara di Taman Sari. Perilaku suara yang ditemukan di lokasi adalah pantulan suara yang sebagian menghasilkan gaung dan suara langsung yang dapat didengar oleh wisatawan di berbagai segmen. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menunjang pengalaman wisatawan di situs cagar budaya melalui peningkatan kualitas aspek audial kawasan.
Taman Sari is the resting place of the King as well as a place of defense that was built during the reign of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. The area, which consists of several heritage buildings, has become one of the important sites in Yogyakarta in terms of supporting city tourism. The heritage atmosphere in the Taman Sari area is a special attraction that can attract tourists' interest. Taman Sari has a soundmark that has implications for the hearing experience of tourists, as well as supports the heritage atmosphere. Currently, the soundmark in Taman Sari is considered weak, thereby reducing the atmosphere felt by visitors. This study discusses the identification of sound behavior on the Taman Sari site, which aims to determine the location of the sound source that can affect the tourism atmosphere in the audial aspect. The methodology was based on the simulation of sound movement using Ecotect software. The dimensions and materials of the space enclosure are adjusted to the conditions at the location by mapping the type of material and the location of the existing voice identity. The simulation results will be analyzed in relation to the theory of sound distribution. Based on the analysis, it is known that softscape and hardscape elements affect the character of voice behavior in Taman Sari. The sound behavior found at the location is the sound reflection which partially produces echoes and direct sounds that can be heard by tourists in various segments. The results of this study are expected to enhance the tourist experience at cultural heritage sites through improving the quality of the area's audial aspects.
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