EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN HIDUP MELALUI AKTIVITAS MENABUNG PADA SISWA BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS (STUDI KASUS PADA SISWA TUNAGRAHITA KLASIFIKASI RINGAN)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/jies.v13i2.2428Keywords:
Siswa retardasi mental, Keterampilan hidup, Modifikasi perilakuAbstract
Anak tunagrahita dapat menjalani pekerjaan dengan sukses, namun mereka masih membutuhkan bantuan dalam mengatur pendapatan, yang meliputi kemampuan untuk budgeting dan banking skill (Browder & Grasso, 1999). Kemampuan ini merupakan bagian dari keterampilan hidup (life skill), yang perlu dikuasai agar siswa tunagrahita dapat berfungsi secara mandiri dalam kehidupan (Brolin dalam Goodship, 1990). Keterampilan untuk mengatur pendapatan dapat dilatihkan melalui kebiasaan menabung yang ditumbuhkan dengan modifikasi perilaku, yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan sejumlah prinsip belajar secara sistematis untuk membuat perubahan dalam diri seseorang dalam jangka waktu panjang (Martin & Pear, 2003). Pengajaran keterampilan hidup pada siswa tunagrahita perlu melibatkan pengalaman nyata atau Community based instruction (Crane, 2002), untuk memudahkan siswa tunagrahita dalam memahami perilaku yang diajarkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain studi kasus pada satu orang subyek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas menabung efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan hidup pada subyek.
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