Analisa Pengaruh Kualitas Batubara Terhadap Efisiensi Boiler Menggunakan Metode Statistical Process Control di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/pasti.2025.v19i3.005Keywords:
Batubara, Efisiensi Boiler, Pencampuran Batubara, Pengendalian Proses Statistik, Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga UapAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas batubara terhadap efisiensi pembakaran pada Boiler Unit 4 Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap serta mengevaluasi strategi pencampuran batubara dari berbagai pemasok. Parameter kualitas yang diamati meliputi kadar air total, kadar air inherent, kadar abu, zat terbang, karbon tetap, total sulfur, dan nilai kalor. Variasi kualitas batubara diidentifikasi menggunakan metode Statistical Process Control untuk mengetahui keterkaitannya dengan kinerja boiler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air total, total sulfur, dan nilai kalor merupakan faktor yang paling memengaruhi efisiensi, dengan rata-rata efisiensi aktual hanya 83,96%. Simulasi pencampuran batubara dengan proporsi pemasok tertentu dapat meningkatkan efisiensi hingga 88,00% dengan tetap memenuhi spesifikasi kualitas. Analisis lebih lanjut menggunakan pendekatan 5W+1H mengungkap faktor penyebab lain yang berasal dari aspek manusia, mesin, material, metode, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pencampuran batubara efektif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, yaitu dari 3 supplier dengan proporsi masing-masing 30%, 40%, dan 30% namun perlu didukung pemilihan pemasok dengan kualitas lebih baik dan pengendalian mutu yang ketat. Usulan perbaikan yang diberikan adalah pembuatan standar operasional mengenai strategi blending, mengembangkan progam pelatihan bagi operator dalam menghadapi variasi kualitas batu bara, dan investasi infrastruktur penyimpanan tertutup batu bara agar kualitasnya lebih terjaga.
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