TRANSFORMASI BUDAYA BERMUKIM DALAM HUNIAN VERTIKAL: PERAN RUANG INTERAKSI SOSIAL DI KAMPUNG SUSUN KUNIR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2026.v16i1.001Keywords:
budaya bermukim, hunian vertikal, ruang interaksi sosial, kampung susun, desain partisipatifAbstract
Transformasi hunian dari kampung tapak ke hunian vertikal merupakan proses yang tidak hanya mengubah tatanan fisik ruang, tetapi juga memengaruhi budaya bermukim masyarakat yang menempatinya. Perubahan tersebut terutama terlihat pada cara penghuni memanfaatkan ruang, membangun kehidupan bertetangga, serta memaknai hunian dalam konteks lingkungan baru. Penelitian ini berupaya memahami perubahan budaya bermukim yang terjadi pada Kampung Kunir pascarelokasi ke Kampung Susun Kunir, dengan menitikberatkan pada hubungan antara konfigurasi ruang hunian vertikal dan praktik sosial penghuni. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode grounded theory. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 30 responden yang merupakan penghuni Kampung Kunir sebelum relokasi dan saat ini menetap di Kampung Susun Kunir. Pengumpulan data dilengkapi dengan observasi lapangan pada ruang-ruang interaksi sosial. Analisis dilakukan melalui tahapan open coding, axial coding, dan selective coding, serta dibaca melalui kerangka teori budaya bermukim (Rapoport, 1969, 1990) dan konsep hunian sebagai sistem terbuka dari (Habraken, 1983). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya bermukim di Kampung Susun Kunir tidak hilang, melainkan mengalami transformasi melalui proses adaptasi terhadap hunian vertikal. Ruang-ruang semi-publik seperti galeri, koridor, dan lantai dasar berperan penting dalam mempertahankan kehidupan bertetangga dan praktik interaksi sosial. Selain itu, keterlibatan warga dalam proses perencanaan melalui pendekatan desain partisipatif memperkuat rasa memiliki, kontrol terhadap ruang, serta kemampuan penghuni dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan hunian baru. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi aspek budaya bermukim dan interaksi sosial dalam perancangan kampung susun sebagai hunian vertikal berbasis komunitas.
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